(1) strict vacuum sealed: public calendar known, metal parts, the experimental electric furnace in a closed vacuum furnace, therefore, to obtain and maintain the stove original leak rate to ensure that the vacuum degree of vacuum furnace, ensure that the part the quality of the vacuum heat treatment has a very important significance. A key issue in the experimental furnace is to have reliable vacuum seal structure. You must ask in order to ensure the vacuum properties of the vacuum furnace, laboratory furnace structural design through a basic principle, is the furnace to be gas-tight welding, in the furnace as little as possible to open or not opening, less use of or avoid the use of dynamic seal structure to minimize the chance of vacuum leaks. Installed in the vacuum furnace parts, accessories such as water-cooled electrodes, thermocouple export the device must be designed to seal the structure. 
 (2) The majority of heating and insulation materials can only be used under vacuum: experimental furnace heating and insulation lining is under vacuum and high temperature, and thus these materials, high temperature, vapor pressure, radiation effects the requirements of good thermal conductivity is small. Against the oxidation less demanding. Therefore, the experimental electric furnace is widely used for heating and insulation structure materials such as tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum and graphite. These materials are easily oxidized under atmospheric conditions, therefore, the conventional heat treatment furnace is not heating and insulation materials. 
 (3) water-cooled devices, the experimental electric furnace the furnace shell, lid, heating elements guide Do not dispose of (water-cooled electrodes), popular intermediate vacuum insulation and other components are in the state of the vacuum heat. Work must ensure that no deformation of the structure of the various components of this extremely unfavorable conditions, without damaging the vacuum seals, however hot, not burned. Accordingly, the parts should be set according to different circumstances a cooling device to ensure that the vacuum heat treatment furnace to normal operation and service life. 
 (4) low voltage and high current: in a vacuum container, really empty is within the scope of care in several care lxlo-1 vacuum vessel within the power conductor in the higher voltage glow discharge phenomenon. Experimental electric furnace, severe will produce the arc discharge, burning of heating elements, insulation, causing a major accident and loss. Therefore, the operating voltage of the experimental furnace heating elements, generally no more than 80 100 volts. The heating element structural design to take effective measures, such as to avoid a state-of-the-art components, the spacing between the electrodes can not be too small to be narrow in order to prevent the occurrence of the glow discharge or arc discharge. 
 (5) high degree of automation: the degree of automation of the experimental furnace is higher because the metal workpiece heating and cooling operation, a dozen or even dozens of action. The action of the vacuum heat treatment furnace, the operator is unable to close. At the same time, some action, such as heat insulation after the metal workpiece to be six, six, and the action of the quenching process to be completed in less than 15 seconds. In so quickly and so the conditions to complete a lot of action, is likely to result in the tension of the operating personnel and constitute misuse. Therefore, only the higher mesh automation to accurate, timely coordination of action in accordance with the procedure. 
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